Keywords
Early-Stage Startups,
Market Validation, Pivoting,
Startup Performance
Germany
Econometric Models
How to Cite
Abstract
In the environment of increasing uncertainty and markets driven by innovation, early-stage startups are in dire need to cope with the gap between ideation and successful market penetration. CustDev has developed a systematic process of minimizing this uncertainty by testing assumptions with people who will be directly affected by their product. The study tests how the implementation of CustDev positively affects market validation success, strategic pivoting behavior, the firm’s presentation, and performance in Germany in 2022-2024. The author examines the interdependencies among these with secondary data in 275 startups by applying a simultaneous equation model estimated by Three-Stage Least Squares. These findings reveal that CustDev contributes greatly to market validation (β₁ = 0.48, p < 0.001) and directly to the performance of startups (δ₁ = 0.40, p < 0.001). Also, an increase in the success of validation decreases the rate of pivots (γ₂ = -0.28, p < 0.001), indicating that the customer-based development brings stability in the strategic direction. In the German startup landscape, the approach to CustDev is more systematic, and pivoting is somewhere in the middle and is facilitated by the institutional funding and mentorship.
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